The Emigrant Journal of Stead Ellis aboard EUTERPE

Stead Ellis emigrated from England to New Zealand aboard EUTERPE (STAR OF INDIA) in 1879.

Name: Karl Richter

Friday August 1st, 1879



The scene onboard was as busy as one could well imagine...

… most of the passengers with their friends and a great quantity of luggage cumbered the decks and what with the seamen working at the ropes, people coming & going & one thing & another, it was a perfect pandemonium. However all things come to an end in time & so it was with all the hurry & bustle of our embarkation, things after a while got quietly settled down and though we could not readily find anything we wanted, still we did somehow manage to find sufficient to make ourselves pretty comfortable.
We have a pretty roomy berth which contains two bunks. We also got a small bunk fixed in which to put baby during the day so as not to upset the beds - it is also useful to contain considerable number of miscellaneous articles as reading books, rugs, the few tools most wanted, corkskrew &c. On the top bunk we fix Claude & Guy at one end and Percy & Oscar at the other end, feet towards feet. …my wife & I with baby occupy the low bunk. Harold is in the next Cabin with 3 other young gentlemen…. Got to bed at I do not know what hour, but after tea which was served very late, we went on deck until the ship had been towed out of Dock, and to us landsmen this was a very interesting sight.

Food

What was food like aboard Euterpe?

fun

What did they do for fun?

Seasick

Were you seasick?

storms

Experience a Storm at Sea

Boarding

Come aboard the Euterpe

Prayer Meeting in the chapel

Monday Aug 25th



A fine breezy day with the wind as dead against us as could be wished by our deadliest enemies, if any of us have such. We are all heartily sick of sighting Old England. When I turned out this morning we appeared to be close in shore could see fields & hedges quite clearly & 13 days out of London still only 4 or 5 hours distant from there. They say we have rather lost than gained ground since yesterday. This afternoon we see the Cornish coast again and now we are just going to bout ship again. They have just lowered the staysail in preparation for that event & did so without warning the passengers, the consequence was the big heavy sail came down with a run on to a group of men women & children to their great alarm. The captain saw the circumstance & blew up the man who let the sail go. It is very interesting to watch the ship turned about. They first drop any intervening staysails & furl the mainsail so as to clear all obstruction and then on the Captains word of command, all the necessary ropes being unfastened, the sailors let go & the whole of the sails (except I believe top sails) of both main & mizzen masts whirl half way round so as to catch the wind on the contrary side of the sails, the ship then steadies wonderfully no matter how it is blowing, for the sails of two masts catch the wind one way & those on the other mast the other way. The yards of the foremast are then pulled round to correspond with the others & away we go in quite an opposite direction. There was a sort of prayer meeting in the Intermediate cabin last night. I was not able to go, as baby required all my attention. Afterwards we had about an hours singing in our cabin, the steward leading with his violin. This morning we all got up pretty well, but this evening Lizzie is in bed sick & I feel much like it, we are rolling about as if the ship would turn bottom up. This afternoon we passed two Men of War, Dutch ships it was thought they were. They were going up channel & the beastly wind which is so hindering us was entirely in their favour, and they had all sail out & I thought were really a splendid sight with every inch of canvas spread & stunsails [note: variant of "studdingsails"] too. They looked like huge birds floating gracefully along. Our 2nd Mate asked me if they did not look lubberly perhaps to a sailor they did, but not to my unaccustomed eyes. This evening the wind has got up again & we are rolling frightfully. During tea all the things were pitched on the floor, it was well they were mostly metal or they would have been smashed to smithereens.

The Dead Horse

Wednesday Aug 13th



Percy was rather poorly last night & this morning he is bed sick not very bad. Washed Oscar & Guy who appear to be all right yet. Claude out first & when I got on deck found it was a lovely morning & the good ship out of sight of land in the Mouth of the Thames or off the North foreland (I am rather hazy in my geography but we are passing the buoys & lightships of the Goodwin Sands) Claude is sick & I am going to be so if no breakfast be forthcoming soon. A nice swaying rolling is all that is perceptible but I am fetched for breakfast. Down below found my wife sick in bed also Percy, Guy & Claude all sick in bed the Cabin, while baby was on the floor in the midst of it, & it was a mercy I did not tread on him for I had no idea he was there and strode right over him to Lizzie’s side. Going below out of the sunshine, the Cabin appears pitch dark, or nearly so, & its some time before ones eyes become accustomed to the change of light & one can see clearly. Oscar had gone up on deck to seek me & soon returned crying & as sick as a dog. Here was a pretty mess. Harold was feeding the fishes up stairs, with what he could spare of his last night’s supper and all the rest of my family except baby was sick in the Cabin. I commenced to try & render what assistance I could when my stomach rose and I rushed upstairs to help Harold. Joss: took & nursed baby for a while & when I again went below I brought him up stairs into the open air and some kind hearted souls in the Steerage took pity on me and took & nursed him for me. Guy was very ill so I fetched him up & nursed him. He very soon covered both himself & me & after I had got a cloth & cleaned our selves up a little, I took him again on my knees & he fell asleep so I took him to bed. Oscar had gone to bed & was fast asleep. Lizzie had been got upstairs & was very ill, after staying on deck an hour or so she complained of cold & shivering & is now in bed, asleep I hope. I do not like to go & see for fear of waking or disturbing her. I got Claude & Percy on deck & wrapped them in their great coats & they now appear all right. None of us have had a particle of breakfast and some of us would like dinner to come soon before we get into the Straits of Dover. Thames Pilot left us at Deal and the old Channel pilot is now in charge of the ship. Steward has just enquired if I would take soup for dinner. I suppose he does not want to get more than will be required as he had a great quantity of coffee to throw away this morning. We have all turned up for dinner except my wife & Mrs Tichbon, who have had a cup of tea each. Have passed Dover and see the White Cliffs of old England on our Starboard. The crew are spreading all sail, the tug still in front & we have very little wind. Nearly all the male passengers are helping the crew hauling at the ropes and they do it to a kind of song - one of the crew doing a short solo & then altogether pulling for dear life to a jolly chorus. Before tea the tug left us & now we are entirely on our own hook. Soon after the tug got clear away from us a calm came on and for 2 or 3 hours the sails flapped idly against the masts. About 7 PM a light breeze sprang up dead against us & so we are tacking against it & consequently making only little progress. Lizzie had her tea on deck, I have had a bad headache since noon, wanting a nap & not caring or daring to go below. Am better since tea but not clear of headache - think I ought to take some medecine, purgative, but dare not do so because of the usually disgraceful state of the WCs. All the passengers on deck & only one or two shewing themselves any worse for their sickness. Have just had a talk with the mate who says we are not tacking but going on our course sailing close to the wind - of course the speed is very slow. Calm again up to bed time which was tonight at 10 PM.

The family goes to church

Sunday Aug 31st



A fine sunny Sunday morning. Have just had a good breakfast. A cupful of porridge. A cup of coffee & a taste of boiled ham. The bread, though the best to be had on board (I begged it of the Saloon Steward, for we had not a bite for our mess of 10 souls) was a trifle acid (the baking powder I suppose) just to prevent our breakfast being entirely satisfactory. The concert came off last night & was very successful, more especially as being the first. We purpose having them every week, tho not on Saturday nights as we think the Mothers ought to be washing the young ones & getting ready for Sunday morning & the Intermediate is quite full of families & such a lot of children. I was unanimously voted to take the chair, of course I had very little to do except to announce the fact that it was to be looked upon only as a first attempt & that we hoped to be able to continue them & also to announce the singers songs &c. I had no idea of being mixed up with it when I entered the room as I had refused to take the chair when asked during the day & expected that they had got some other person to do so for them. So when I was voted in I put the best face I could on it & did as well as I was able. The following is the programme. I shall not be able to give programmes in future as my space is getting very limited. I quite thought this book would be large enough to contain all my record, but am afraid I shall be unable to continue it to the end of our Journey for want of paper.

Claude, the second youngest, races on the Euterpe deck

Saturday Octr 11




Have had a dead calm nearly all day today. I understand the S.E trades are done with and we are now in a region of variables, wind may come from anywhere. Last night we had another concert (after two weeks rest) my wife sang ‘Welcome my bonny lad’ it was quite a success. For this evening there is a programme of dances posted to commence at 7.30. After tea yesterday, the childrens races came off & Claude beat all comers 3 times; and twice round the deck - ages 8 to 13. He runs like a hare. A man offered to back him against any man in the ship with 6 yds start. this same man’s son was walked right away from by Claude easily & he is 13 or 14 years old. I was quite surprised. Harold this afternoon has been right up to the top of the mainmast, he had to get there to pull himself up a rope above the top of the topmost rattlings (or rope ladders). In fact all the youngsters from Oscar upward can go up the ropes very well indeed & walk on a horizontal ladder hanging by their hands like good ones. Lizzie saw Harold & she was quite frightened until he was safe down again. I suppose he would be over 150 feet above the deck. Our appetites are now returning to us and as we won’t eat the sea biscuits we are generally on rather short commons for bread. I wish they would give us more flour, but they won’t. Lat 20.54 Long 34.47 Dist 96.

Lizzie is having fainting fits

Thursday Aug 28th



The sea has gone down again but it is a fearful wet morning. We are all beginning to look lean & hungry. We have got now fairly into our sea stores, and the more we see of them, the less we all seem to like them. The provisions of the best quality turn out to be of the commonest kind, they may be the best, but if so, the kind must be something awful. You should see the way we tuck into our porridge. This morning we had no bread, the rolling had prevented the cook from baking & so porridge was a Godsend. This afternoon my poor wife is taken ill again, has had a sort of fainting fit, she is extremely weak what with the poor living on board & baby pulling at her all night, she is very poor & thin. In fact she seems so low in body & spirit she begins to think she will never reach the end of the voyage. We are really having the most atrocious weather, never had more than one or two hours fair (continuous fair) wind since we left port. Gales & calms seem to alternate & the strong winds are always against us. I had to have the Doctor to Lizzie, she was laid almost insensible on the cabin floor. We bandaged her head up for her temples troubled & pained her very much. We have got her to bed now. The wind has got up and the Sailors say we are to have a gale tonight.

Sharks visit Euterpe

Sunday Octr 12.



The calm has continued all day, I should hardly think we have gone a mile. We all attended Captains service on the poop this morning; and this aft’noon there has been great excitement about some sharks which are about. One 8 or 9 ft long old fellow has been round & round the ship all the aft’noon. The sailors have baited hooks with pork which he has come & taken and then when he has been pulled half way up (clean out of the water) the hooks have slipped & down he has flopped again taking the meat with him. During tea we heard a great row & news was brought that one was caught and we rushed up and forward on to the Foc’sle but found he was off again or rather they were, for two were hooked and being hauled up at the same time. We have had our port hole open all day, the first time since we left the Downs. We are very short of bread again, 1 small round each for the boys & 1-1/2 for adults is all we have had for tea. We do not get anymore until Tuesday & have only about 3 lbs for 10 of us for all day tomorrow. Since tea Johnson a Swedish sailor has caught one of the sharks from off the Foc’sle top, every body rushes to see it and there was such excitement, it lay on the deck wriggling about & striking & everybody’s legs were in danger until its tail was chopped off. They have since thrown it overboard, because, as I am told, the passengers crowded on them that they could not disect it properly & besides its flesh would have been dreadfully offensive by morning, We have had the most beautiful sunset tonight I every [sic] saw, or saw depicted by artist. The sea was like a sheet of yellowish gold with shades of purple and one bright line of glorious fire right from your eye along to the setting sun, the sky having corresponding lines. I sat entranced on the bulwarks of the ship until the sun sank clean into the water and the cold grey of evening replaced the sunset tints. It was a glorious sight.

Guy is feeling better again

Friday Aug 22nd



After a very rough night we find a splendid bright morning with a very strong wind blowing & a confused sea. Lizzie, Claude & Oscar were all sick soon after awaking, but Guy came up to breakfast like a little man, before he could be served however he was sick & I sent him into the Cabin again, as soon as he had got it over, he returned to the table again & insisted upon having his bekfust and a good one he had too & he has been all right ever since. Claude & Oscar have been in bed awhile but have now come on deck & are evidently getting better fast, a little bit squeamish but not a great deal. Lizzie is now on deck & has had no dinner, this sickness is very hard on her what with suckling baby & one thing & another. There are a lot of disagreeable jobs to do where there is a baby & she is little able to do them & I help as much as I can, had baby’s bum to wash after a mess this morning & have had him to dress, so I’m sure I try my best.

Who takes care of the baby when the whole family is sick?

Wednesday Aug 13th



Percy was rather poorly last night & this morning he is bed sick not very bad. Washed Oscar & Guy who appear to be all right yet. Claude out first & when I got on deck found it was a lovely morning & the good ship out of sight of land in the Mouth of the Thames or off the North foreland (I am rather hazy in my geography but we are passing the buoys & lightships of the Goodwin Sands) Claude is sick & I am going to be so if no breakfast be forthcoming soon. A nice swaying rolling is all that is perceptible but I am fetched for breakfast. Down below found my wife sick in bed also Percy, Guy & Claude all sick in bed the Cabin, while baby was on the floor in the midst of it, & it was a mercy I did not tread on him for I had no idea he was there and strode right over him to Lizzie’s side. Going below out of the sunshine, the Cabin appears pitch dark, or nearly so, & its some time before ones eyes become accustomed to the change of light & one can see clearly. Oscar had gone up on deck to seek me & soon returned crying & as sick as a dog. Here was a pretty mess. Harold was feeding the fishes up stairs, with what he could spare of his last night’s supper and all the rest of my family except baby was sick in the Cabin. I commenced to try & render what assistance I could when my stomach rose and I rushed upstairs to help Harold. Joss: took & nursed baby for a while & when I again went below I brought him up stairs into the open air and some kind hearted souls in the Steerage took pity on me and took & nursed him for me. Guy was very ill so I fetched him up & nursed him. He very soon covered both himself & me & after I had got a cloth & cleaned our selves up a little, I took him again on my knees & he fell asleep so I took him to bed. Oscar had gone to bed & was fast asleep. Lizzie had been got upstairs & was very ill, after staying on deck an hour or so she complained of cold & shivering & is now in bed, asleep I hope. I do not like to go & see for fear of waking or disturbing her. I got Claude & Percy on deck & wrapped them in their great coats & they now appear all right. None of us have had a particle of breakfast and some of us would like dinner to come soon before we get into the Straits of Dover. Thames Pilot left us at Deal and the old Channel pilot is now in charge of the ship. Steward has just enquired if I would take soup for dinner. I suppose he does not want to get more than will be required as he had a great quantity of coffee to throw away this morning. We have all turned up for dinner except my wife & Mrs Tichbon, who have had a cup of tea each. Have passed Dover and see the White Cliffs of old England on our Starboard. The crew are spreading all sail, the tug still in front & we have very little wind. Nearly all the male passengers are helping the crew hauling at the ropes and they do it to a kind of song - one of the crew doing a short solo & then altogether pulling for dear life to a jolly chorus. Before tea the tug left us & now we are entirely on our own hook. Soon after the tug got clear away from us a calm came on and for 2 or 3 hours the sails flapped idly against the masts. About 7 PM a light breeze sprang up dead against us & so we are tacking against it & consequently making only little progress. Lizzie had her tea on deck, I have had a bad headache since noon, wanting a nap & not caring or daring to go below. Am better since tea but not clear of headache - think I ought to take some medecine, purgative, but dare not do so because of the usually disgraceful state of the WCs. All the passengers on deck & only one or two shewing themselves any worse for their sickness. Have just had a talk with the mate who says we are not tacking but going on our course sailing close to the wind - of course the speed is very slow. Calm again up to bed time which was tonight at 10 PM.

Boarding EUTERPE

August 1st 1879.



Paid Hotel bill at Watsons, St. Paul’s Church Yard London and went by the Underground Railway to Kings Cross to meet Lizzie & the children; the train arrived only a few minutes late and in a very short time I had all my belongings together. The cart which I had engaged to take our Luggage to Poplar was 20 minutes late and the lad in charge of it only just saved his job for I had just send a Porter to fetch a Railway Cart who met the lad coming just as he was going out of the Station. We then loaded the cart with all our large trunks and boxes and also all Leakes and Beecrofts things. Beecroft (an ex Policeman from Batley) Harold, Claude, Percy with Uncle Arthur & Harrison went upon the luggage right away to the East India Docks, direct; while Lizzie, Guy, Oscar, baby & myself went to No 2 Liverpool Cl: to have a cup of tea &c, Leake and family also going there (Beecrofts wife and Mrs Cotton of Batley were staying there and it was on their representation & partly at their request we went there) We found no one in the house but an old general waiter and a slavey and nothing had been prepared for us - however they buckled to and in some fashion got us a cup of tea and bread & butter ready, and Mrs Cotton (who appeared to be half seas over) brought us in a paper of Shrimps, and Uncle Charlie, who with his good wife had gone with me from the Hotel to meet my family at the Station, also turned out to buy something, but there was a dearth in the land and he was obliged to return with nothing better than a second edition of Mrs C’s paper of shrimps, after, in this rough and ready fashion replenishing the inner man, we set out for the Underground Ry at Kings X and took train for Aldgate, near which station we could get tram-car right to the Dock Gates; the tram proved to be crowded and Guy began to complain saying “I want to go home” my wife told him that he had no home but this poor Guy did not understand. An old man of ebony countenance and who was evidently a Native of “Africs Sunny Clime” talked quite kindly to him and told him it was quite bad enough for an old man like himself to be without home, but that it was something dreadful for such to be the case with a little fellow like him. Guy did not like his looks, though he was a good looking & gentlemanlike old fellow, so I had to comfort him myself and told him we should soon be on a big ship & that would be his home and he was soon pacified. Getting out at Aldgate my old woman looked round to see we had got all our youngsters & parcels &c and found I had left my old drab overcoat behind me, so Uncle Charlie kindly volunteered to go back & get it for me. We then walked a short distance up Aldgate & finding the Car waiting we were soon on our way to the Docks. I had begun to be rather anxious as I had no definite information as to the time the ship would leave the Dock, but we found her then all right, and all our fellow passengers and their friends getting their luggage aboard. I got Lizzie & Aunty Sarah & the little ones on board at once and having fixed them safely over the stairway to our cabin I left them to look out for the luggage which had been sent from Batley before and also for the boys with the luggage cart. Old Mr Duff was very anxiously looking out for me as I had his ticket in my possession (I had lent him £20 at 10% on a promissory note signed by himself and his son, who is just loose from his apprenticeship as Civil Engineer & Surveyor, in fact he has brought up his family over respectably making his children Ladies & Gentlemen & finding himself at 56 without a pound in the world) I gave him his ticket and he set to work with all his old strength to get my things aboard. He had already seen my large cases safely down in the hold and I was just in time to see the Cask (the most gingerly package I had, which contained knick knacks &c) safely sent below. Harold & the party with cart now turned up and for a good half hour we were as busy as bees. I found that all the packages in the cart had been counted by the Dock officers & booked to me, and as the stuff belonged to 4 or 5 people I would not pay up, as I should have had to collect the shares from the others if I had done so. We therefore had all the packages taken out of the cart and placed on heaps each owner having a separate heap. As I had been told that no dues were charged on small parcels carried in the hand, I set to work and had old Duff, Harold, Claude, Harrison and Joss = running with parcel to Lizzie on the ship. The result was that when the lumps were counted up we had something like 12 or 15 parcels too few & nobody knew where they were. The collector was bound to collect for the number of parcels on his paper, so that he gave each a few more than we appeared to have but charged a penny a parcel less. I know I saved about 1/6 by the arrangement. I had also 11/- to pay for dock charges on the large packing cases. The scene on board was about as busy as one can well imagine. We could not get into our cabin for a couple of hours after we got on board as the companion ladder was up and the floor of our Dining Room opened to permit of the passengers luggage “wanted on the voyage” being got down into the hold below us. The same was the case with the main hatchway so that most of the passengers with their friends and a great quantity of luggage cumbered the decks and what with the seamen working at the ropes, people coming & going & one thing & another, it was a perfect pandemonium. However all things come to an end in time & so it was with all the hurry & bustle of our embarkation, things after a while got quietly settled down and though we could not readily find anything we wanted, still we did somehow manage to find sufficient to make ourselves pretty comfortable. Uncle Reuben came while things were at their busiest and he and Uncle Arthur & Harrison stayed on board until quite late, going away with a promise to meet us at Gravesend to bid Goodbye on the following morning. We have a pretty roomy berth which contains two bunks each 6 ft 6 ins; by 3 ft 6 ins wide, the biggest I believe on the ship, special large mattresses having to be ordered for them. We also got a small bunk fixed in which to put baby during the day so as not to upset the beds - it is also useful to contain considerable number of miscellaneous articles as reading books, rugs, the few tools most wanted, corkskrew &c. On the top bunk we fix Claude & Guy at one end and Percy & Oscar at the other end, feet towards feet as we should call it at home, fore & aft they seem to call it here. While my wife & I with baby occupy the low bunk. Harold is in the next Cabin with 3 other young gentlemen & very nice lot they seem to be. Got to bed at I do not know what hour, but after tea which was served very late, we went on deck until the ship had been towed out of Dock, and to us landsmen this was a very interesting sight.

The Family's Cabin

Friday Sepr 19th



Last night a Singing Contest came off for a beautiful boat made by Mr Wagstaff, for boys & a doll for the girls. Guy sang “Little Cock Spallow” for the boat & as soon as he finished he held his hand towards the boat & said “give me it, give me it” he could not be made to understand he had it to win, he thought it was to be his if he sang. Mr Duff made a speech when he presented the prizes & Guy cried when another boy got the boat. Guy was favorite if he had only sung better. He commenced like this MA. ‘A little’ Guy ‘cock spallow’ MA ‘he sat’ Guy ‘on a tee’ MA ‘He hopped’ Guy ‘an he dumpt’ &c &c You can imagine it no doubt. As soon as ever he finished he said, gih me de boat now, old Mr Duff holding up the boat in front of him all the time. Turned in about 10.30. I don’t think Mrs E had a wink of sleep the whole night, baby was one mass of wet with perspiration & he was as hot as fire, he was first passed to me & after I had struggled with him for a while, passed back to her, he pulled at her until she was fit to sink through the bed & then he was pitched over to me again. We sleep one at each end of the bed, lying side by side is just out of the question at all events in these lattitudes. What with the narrow bed, 3’-6” wide for 3 of us, self, wife & baby & the last, tho= least, takes up most room of any of us; & what with the stinking, close, confined cabins we are nearly suffocated. Certainly if any of my friends come out to N.Zd I would advise them to fight shy of Shaw, Saville Cos. I am quite of opinion that some one is to blame for allowing a ship like this Euterpe to go to sea with such a few really necessary sanitary appliances. I have before taken exception to the W Cs which are disgracefully constructed, then we have no baths, the men turn out early & throw buckets of water over each other, & this past 3 days the Capn has had a space on the Qr deck screened off with a spare sail as a bathing place for Ladies - from say 5.30 to 6.30 AM no convenience of any kind. My wife had a bath yesterday morning. Then we have only one force pump on board & for more than a week that one was broken & if a fire had then occurred we should have been entirely dependant upon hand buckets - it would have been broken yet but a passenger Mr Wagstaff took & repaired it; the remuneration offered him for doing so was so munificant that he told me himself he should not have done it had there been another pump on the ship. Then the hose pipe for the pump is so bad or poor, or perhaps rotten, that they dare not use it for swilling the decks or giving baths, or even drawing the fresh water for passengers use, for fear it should be absolutely useless in a short time & then if required on an emergency we should be without. The fresh water is drawn by a small hand pump & it is such a ricketty machine that it takes 2 or 2 1/2 hours to get the necessary supply, which with the force pump (if we dared to use it) could be got in half an hour, besides the labour is four times as great with the hand pump we use. Then in our cabin we have no proper ventilation, we have put a windsail down, but the only place we have to put it is down the hatchway (our stairway) so that we can hardly get down, or down the foul air shaft which is close to the stairs, in fact on the hatch cover. We have the windsail down the latter & try to make the stairs act as extractor, but it’s a farce. The windsail ought to drive the air in at one end of the cabin & the ventilator take the vitiated air out at the other end, so that we might have a chance of a change of air. I suppose some official has inspected the ship & found matters all right. I only wish he was forced for the rest of his days to sleep in my cabin with six others in the Tropics & only have a broken or rotten pump on board & a couple of hundred reckless passengers, a lot of whom persist in sleeping Tween decks on the sly. Just had dinner - A cup of pea soup & a little, very little sago pudding. Too hot in the middle of the day for meat, especially when you cannot get it, & Lizzie has been too poorly to get anything ready. Cold salt pork was ready, but that was not tempting.

Listen to Mr Ellis search for bread for the other passengers

Thursday Aug 28th



The sea has gone down again but it is a fearful wet morning. We are all beginning to look lean & hungry. We have got now fairly into our sea stores, and the more we see of them, the less we all seem to like them. The provisions of the best quality turn out to be of the commonest kind, they may be the best, but if so, the kind must be something awful. You should see the way we tuck into our porridge. This morning we had no bread, the rolling had prevented the cook from baking & so porridge was a Godsend. This afternoon my poor wife is taken ill again, has had a sort of fainting fit, she is extremely weak what with the poor living on board & baby pulling at her all night, she is very poor & thin. In fact she seems so low in body & spirit she begins to think she will never reach the end of the voyage. We are really having the most atrocious weather, never had more than one or two hours fair (continuous fair) wind since we left port. Gales & calms seem to alternate & the strong winds are always against us. I had to have the Doctor to Lizzie, she was laid almost insensible on the cabin floor. We bandaged her head up for her temples troubled & pained her very much. We have got her to bed now. The wind has got up and the Sailors say we are to have a gale tonight.

A Hungry Day at Sea

Thursday Sepr 4th



The sky yesterday cleared & we had a very fine day, though the breeze fell considerably during the afternoon and after dark rain came on, so we went below & had a hand at whist. After Lizzie & the young ones went to bed I again went on deck, the moon having risen & clouds partly cleared away & had a long chat with some young gentlemen from Lancashire about their intentions in the way of farming in N Zd To bed at 11.30 PM - This morning it is again dull & cloudy tho a good favouring breeze is carrying us along very well. I find now there is nothing in our thoughts as what shall we have for dinner, and as that cannot be very interesting to read about I shall merely say that we have very little variety. To breakfast this morning we had a couple of spoonfuls of boiled rice with sugar or molasses & coffee & bread & butter afterwards. To dinner we have tinned meat, beef or mutton, preserved potatoes & once or twice a week pickles. We can have boiled salt pork or beef 3 or 4 times a week if we like, but our stomachs have scarcely come down to that yet. For tea we have tea & bread or biscuit & butter. Generally we have enough such as it is, but occasionally we run short. My little round paunch is gone & I can cross my legs in comfort so I suppose that is something gained. If any of my friends should follow me, I would advise them to come enclosed steerage & spend the £8 or £9 difference in flour & nice preserved fruits & meats, so as to be somewhat independent of the execrable stuff Messrs Shaw Saville & Co in their generosity supply their passengers with. Yester morning we had a talk of publishing a newspaper on board & I & another gentm saw the Capn & got leave to post a notice calling a meeting of passengers for today to take the matter into consideration, & if agreeable to the meeting to elect an Editor, reporter &c. We are not sure yet whether it will be printed or published in manuscript only.

What kind of food was stored on board?

Thursday Aug 14th, 1879



A fine but hazy morning & a dead calm. We have a great quantity of sail spread but no progress making and scarcely a perceptible motion of the vessel. Had our fresh water served out to us this morning and the 3 quarts per day which we were to have supplied to us has suddenly dwindled down into a quart & a half each as the other 1 1/2 quarts has to be given to the cook; if this is not a swindle or at least mis-representation on the part of Shaw, Saville & Co it is at least sailing very near the wind. I suppose we are now divided into messes, me & my family being one, the seven single men another & the 3 married couples and the single lady another. The breakfast this morning was the usual bread & butter & coffee, & Lizzie to get a cup of tea had to send the same quantity of cold water to the cook as she required of tea, she also sent water to exchange for hot to wash up with, as she does not fancy our Stewards washing up nor the look of his dishcloth. I suppose the messing arrangements will come into force when all fresh provisions are done. At dinner had tinned Chicago beef for the first time - found the messes altered, mine included four single men, 3 of whom had sat at the other table ever since we came aboard, the other mess included Mr & Mrs Tichbon, Mr & Mrs Davis, Miss Nelly & two single men who had previously sat at our table & Mr & Mrs Young had a mess to themselves & a table in their own cabin. I refused to sanction this arrangement and insisted upon having besides my own family only the 3 single men who had usually sat with us in our mess, so that each would be a complete mess. We are all now agreed that my arrangement is best. A fog came on early in the aft’noon & continued far into the night. At tea a beastly lot of common ship biscuits were served out to us & our Steward informed us we could not have any bread. I refused to have any tea at all & went out & down into the 3rd class cabin & found there that all had a quantity of bread - loaves the full length of the table from end to end - only one or two having sea biscuits to make out with. I went straight to the Skipper & complained, telling him all about it. He called the 3rd Mate, who acts as purser & distributes all stores & our Steward before him, & told them they ought to have shared the bread out, and certainly not to have the 2nd passengers minus while the 3rd had plenty. He asked the mate what bread there was left & he answered one bake, so then he said how many loaves are there in a bake? and when the mate said oh, perhaps 20 - he ordered him to serve us some at once. When the Steward came down into our cabin with his arms full of bread, all the company rose & gave three cheers for Mr Ellis. I fancy the Capn heard it & would no doubt take the row as a compt to himself. We dealt it out sparingly about a round each, so as to make out with biscuit, which are as hard as nails. It took me from 6 to 9 PM to eat one and a good part of it I had to spit out as I have great difficulty in swallowing the stuff when it is masticated because of my sore throat I suppose. Poor Guy cried for more bread & butter & said he could not eat the ‘bickel’ it was “ba ba”. The fog continued & we turned out to assist in the look out. The Captain & pilot were on the poop, and the “lookout” was on the foc’asle with his fog horn - the horn bleating baa baa baa every few seconds, or rather minutes. A 3 masted ship on our port bow was seen about 11.30 P M & we came so close that our lookout (at Captains order) called & asked What tack are you on? he was answered & the pilot said “I thought so, they be on the same tack as we, that be the reason we have had em so long in front of us we are passing em” After we had got clear past them and their green light and fog horn were left far behind I turned in at 12.30 after having a “wee drap whiskey” to comfort me.

A Wave Comes Into the Family's Cabin

Saturday Octr 25th



The storm or gale continued with great strength & fury all night - the seas came right over the ship - we rolled tremendously & soon after getting to bed, the boards forming our bed bottom came away & we were in danger of falling through bodily on to the youngsters below - of course we got up & re-fixed the boards & tried again, but it was no use, the boards were too short or the bed was too wide. Here was a go, looking out of our cabin I saw the Steward & Mr Tichbon & Mr Young busy swabbing up the water which was coming down the hatchway in bucketfulls every prospect of all the cabins being shortly ankle deep in water. However Lizzie was spent & I was bound to make her a bed somehow so I took a stool, all our boots, old paper soap box & all odds & ends in the place & strewed them on the floor of our Cabin, on these I placed our mattres & on that the bed & then I lay down & rolled myself in the clothes. I had first of all got Lizzie & baby into the low bunk with the boys - six of them in one bed 3 ft 6 ins wide. However Lizzie thought I looked so comfortable that she turned out & joined me - so that we lay there & did as well as we could - we certainly did get snatches of sleep, but nothing to call rest - we were now lying across the ship & consequently experiencing a motion we were not used to - it felt like all ones interior being shaken from bottom to top of ones body & vice versa - one roll giving you the upward shake & the return roll the downward. We got up early & fortunately the water had not reached us, though it had been in every other cabin in the place. The night was so rough that they expected something would have gone wrong for the Carpenter was sent round to see what was required in the way of repairs. He found our bedboards an inch too short so he put an extra lath under & nailed all fast. I hope they are right now. Remained below all morning & after dinner went on deck & sat on our hatch cover with Guy astride my knees where he fell fast asleep. Lizzie was sat on the poop steps with the other Ladies but would come & sit with me awhile - after a bit the ship gave an extra deep roll on one side & she slipped off her seat on to the deck & as there was 8” or a foot of water on the deck she slid right across into the scupples [sic] (as the gutter along the ships side is called) here she got drenched with the wave which carried her & which of course collected there, she seized hold of a rope here, but was too stunned or surprised to hold on & on the return roll she was carried right across the ship to the opposite scupple & banged with great force against the bulwarks - here she was unable to get a hold of anything & consequently she was again carried right back to the other scupples and again smashed against the bulwarks and very likely might have repeated the performance again but that the General & the 3rd Mate ran & seized her and landed her safe & dripping wet on the top of our cabin steps. I was quite unable to help or try to help her, for Guy was fast asleep sat across my knees & it took me all my time to hold on to my seat by clasping the ventilator which I was leaning against. Very fortunately she was not seriously hurt & took her involuntary swim all in good part. She sobbed when the water came over her at first, but of course she and everybody else laughed when it was all over. A lot of the women folk in the steerage fell at the same instant as Lizzie, one a very nice Lady named Mrs Owen having her leg (small bone) broken as she went to change her clothes after her wetting. Lat 35.24 Long 17.43 Dist 212.